Arsitektur:
- The set of descriptive representations that are required in order to create an object. (Zachman)
- The fundamental organization of a system embodied in its components, their relationships to each other and the environment, and the principles governing its design and evolution. (ANSI/IEEE standard 1471–2000)
- 1. A formal description of a system, or a detailed plan of the system at component level to guide its implementation. 2. The structure of components, their inter-relationships, and the principles and guidelines governing their design and evolution over time. (The Open Group)
EA:
- metode dan kaidah pengaturan yang menyelaraskan misi fungsional bisnis dengan strategi TI dan pelaksanaan rencana.
- the capture of all behavior that goes on in an organization i.e. the who, what, why, when, where and how of the business at every level from high-level corporate goals to the code of low-level programs that implement business processes used to achieve those goals (Harrison).
- Pandangan high-level tentang komponen-komponen yang terkait dengan informasi organisasi yang menyatakan suatu pemahaman menyeluruh dari tiap-tiap komponen dan pemahaman tentang hubungan dan interaksi antara komponen-komponen tersebut.
- rencana operasional untuk mengorganisasi proses bisnis dan kebutuhan sistem dan infrastruktur tehnologi untuk mencapai implementasi proses yang efisien.
EA mencakup:
- Enterprise strategic goals, objectives and strategies
- Meeting stakeholders’ requirements
- Aligning IT with the business vision
- Extracting timely information from enterprise data
- Improving operating efficiency and decision making
- Adoption strategy for future development
- Integration of business systems, processes and data sharing
- Organizing technology infrastructure and information systems
- Ensuring data integrity, quality, consistency and security
- Reducing duplication and complexity of business functions
Framework (model arsitektur) EA:
- Zachman ’s Framework: pendekatan yang digunakan secara luas untuk membangun enterprise-wise IS architectures dan dianggap sebagai model rujukan sehingga framework lainnya dapat dipetakan sendiri.
- RM-ODP: menggunakan object-modelling technique (OMT) dan dikembangkan oleh badan-badan bereputasi tinggi seperti ISO dan International Telecommunications Unit.
- TOGAF: bentuk standar framework yang umum dan tersedia secara bebas.
- C4ISR/DoDAF: digunakan oleh US Department of Defense.
Komponen Inti EA (Malhotra):
- Strategic Capabilities Architecture
- Business Architecture
- Information Architecture
- Data, Systems and Computer Architectures
Dua perspektif prinsip EA:
- IT First (IT-Centric EA): what systems are already in place and what opportunities they can afford the business
- Business First: what business goals should the IT infrastructure realize
- Business Process-Centric EA
- Governance-Centric EA
